Ventilating-wall construction.



No.76l,711.- BATBNTED UNE-7,1904.

- J. W.)REDPERN.V

VENTILATING WALL CONSTRUCTION.

- IAPPLIOATION FILED 0016,1903.

no MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented June 7, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

. VENTlLATlNG-WALJL CONSTRUCTION.

.SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 761,711, dated une '7,1904.

Application filed October 6, 1903.

T0 aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OI-IN VVEsLEY REDFERN, hardware merchant, of the:town of Owen Sound, in the county of Grey,- in the Province of Ontario,Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVentilating- Wall Construction, of which the following is aspecification. v v A My invention relates to improvements inventilating-wall construction; and the object of the invention is todevise a form ofhollow wall and arrangement of apertures and valvestherein whereby the interior of a building, room, basement, orsubstructure may be kept at a suitable temperature and the airpure inwinter and summer; and it consists, essentially, of a wall built ofmolded brick, stone, or cement, each block being formed verticallyhollow with a central partition, whereby the wall is dividedlongitudinally into inside and outside intercommunicating spacesparallel with the faces of the wall, the bottom of each space havingcommunicating passageway or passage-ways with the interior of the roomnear the floor and a suitable exit atthe top of the wall for each spaceandthe wall being also provided with the outside apertures for theintroduction of sufficient air at the bottom of the outside space and aninwardlyextending aperture at the top communicating with the aforesaidspace and the interior of the room, the space in the wall into whichthese two apertures extend being divided by suitable partitionsinto avertical flue, suitable valves being provided for the apertures andpassage-ways and the parts being otherwise arranged and constructed indetail as hereinafter more particularly explained.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a wall intermediatelybroken away as to its height, showing the construction and arrangementof a wall constructed in accordance with my invention and with theproper passageways shown open for winter ventilation. Fig. 2 is asimilar view showing the proper passage-ways open for summerventilation. Fig. 3 is a vertical section near the corner of the wall,showing the vertical flue for the admission of fresh air. Fig. 4: is avertical section of the wall, showing the intercommunicating her andouter space a and a.

Serial No. 176,009 (No model.)

spaces in the wall for the withdrawal of the wall the necessity forlathing and strapping the wall' is entirely avoided.

A represents the blocks forming my wall, such blocks being arranged tobreak joint in the usual manner. Each blockA is made with the centralpartition a dividing it into an in- The outside spaces a areintercommunicating, forming one major space of intercommunicating spacesdivided by the vertically-abutting end walls a of the block, and theinside spaces a are intercommunicating, forming a major space ofintercommunicating spaces divided by vertically-abutting end walls a ofthe block. Both of the aforesaid major spaces are parallel to thesurface of the wall, but do not communicate with each other.

In Figs. 1 and 2 I show a series of conduits B andG, the conduits B and0 being preferably alternately arranged and the conduits B extendingthrough the inside of the block into the space a ofthe major insidespace and the conduit 0 extending through the block and inside space ainto the space a of the major outside space.

Both of the conduits Band C are designed to be either closed by aregister of any suitable form when desired or may be provided with a capD, which may be alternately used to close either the conduit B or theconduit (1, depending whether the ventilation is for winter or summer,as will hereinafter appear.

In order to form a fresh-air conduit, I divide each alternate block inthe major outer space, preferably near the corner, by a partition 0thereby forming a vertical flue A in the outer space. At the bottom ofthis conduit and extending through the outside wall of one of the blocksI provide an aperture A which may be wholly or partially opened orclosed by means of the valve A, the stem of which extends through thetwo inside partitions of the block to the inside of the room and isprovided with a suitable handle A. At the top of the flue A, I provide across-conduit A, which extends through the two inner walls, preferablyinto the upper portion of the room. It will thus be seen thatapassage-way for the fresh air is provided through the aperture A flueA, and conduit The valve A may be adjusted so as to vary the amount offresh air Which it is desired to let into the room. In winternecessarily the aperture would be partially closed and in the summerpreferably left Wide open.

In Fig. 1 I show a conduit B extending into the space (62, and this isfor the purpose of Winter ventilation, the conduit C in this instancebeing closed, thereby forming a deadair space of the outer major spaceformed by the intercommunicating spaces a, such space being equal inarea to the outside of the wall of the building and necessarily servingto prevent the cold penetrating the wall. The inside major space in thisinstance will carry off the foul air from the bottom of the room, theheat in the room heating the air in the wall and inducing an upwarddraft through the wall to a conduit A, by which the foul air will beconducted to a flue and carried away.

In Fig. 2 it Will be noticed that I show the conduit 0 open and theconduit B closed. In this case it will be understood that the insidemajor space formed by the intercommunicating spaces a of each block willbe a dead-air space and prevent the admission of heat into the room andthe outer space will be a broad conduit, corresponding with practicallythe area of the wall, by which the foul air will be carried to the topof the wall and out through a similar cross-conduit A to a chimney orother suitable exit, the heat of the outside air in this case serving toheat the air in the major outside space and induce an upward current ofthe foul air from the bottom of the room. By such a construction of walland arrangement of conduits, flues, and spaces I am enabled not only todraw the fresh air from the outside and cause it to circulate in the topof the room or building, but also to draw the foul air from the bottomof the room and draw it out through a suitable flue or conduit, therebyinducing circulation of fresh air continually from top to bottom of theroom, thus keeping the air pure in the room and of the desiredtemperature.

By the construction of such a wall as I describe and my arrangementtherein as to ventilation I am enabled to make the wall of my buildingimpervious to cold, heat, or dampness, absolutely fireproof, perfectlysanitary and durable, and I am enabled to dispense with all pipes forventilation now so frequently used.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is-- 1. In a ventilating-wallconstruction,a wall comprising blocks having vertical longitudi nal inside andoutside spaces formed by a central partition, the blocks being arrangedto break joint, and supplemental partitions opposite the abutting endsof the block forming a vertical fresh-air fine in the outside niajorspace, the wall having an aperture at the bottom communicating with thefine, and a conduit leading through the central partition and inner wallnear the top into the interior of the room as and for the purposespecified.

2. In a ventilating-wall construction, a wall comprising blocks havingvertical longitudi nal inside and outside spaces formed by a centralpartition, the blocks being arranged to break joint, and supplementalpartitions opposite the abutting ends of the blocks forming a verticalfresh-air line in the outside major space, the wall having anapertureatthe bottom communicating with the flue. a conduit leadingthrough the central partition and inner wall near the top into theinterior of the room, and a closing-valve for the bottom apertureprovided with a suitable stem and handle extending through the innerpartitions into the room as and for the purposespecified.

3. In aventilating-wall construction, a wall comprising blocks havingvertical longitudinal inside and outside spaces formed by acentralpartition, the blocks being arranged to break joint and forming majorinside and out side spaces by the spaces in the blocks above each otherintercommunicating, a conduit extending from the inside of the wall andthrough the lower portion thereof and through the inside space andcentral partition into the outside space as and for the purpose specilied.

t. In aventilating-wall construction, a wall comprising blocks havingvertical longitudinal inside and outside spaces formed by a centralpartition, the blocks being arranged to break joint and forming majorinside and outside spaces by the spaces in the blocks above each otherintercommunicating, a conduit extending from the inside of the wall andthrough the lower portion thereof and through the inside space andcentral partition into the outside space, and a suitable closing-valvefor such conduit as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a ventilating-wall construction, the combination with the blockshaving inside and outside spaces, and the supplemental partitionsforming a fresh-air flue, and the apertures in the bottom of the outsideof the wall in the fresh-air flue and the conduit leading from the topof the fresh-air line into the interior of the room, of themajor spaceformed by the interconnnunicating spaces of the blocks, and the conduitsextending through the lower portion of the wall from the inside into theinside space as and for the purpose specified.

6. In a ventilating-wall construction, the combination with the blockshaving inside and outside spaces, and the supplemental partitionsforming a fresh-air flue, and the apertures in the bottom of the outsideof the wall in the fresh-air flue and the conduit leading from the topof the fresh-air flue into the interior of the room, of the major spaceformed proximity to the bottom ofthe Wall to the inside space and asuitable flue at the top of the wall as and for the purpose specified.

8. In Wall construction and ventilation, a wall formed with separateinside and outside spaces parallel to the faces of the Wall, an apertureor conduit leading from the inside of the wall near the bottom throughthe inside space into the outside space, and a suitable flue at the topof the Wall as and for the purpose specified. v

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two Witnesses.

J Q W. REDFERN.

Witnesses:

R. J. O. DORSEY, WM. BROWN.

